What is Ramsar Treaty
Ramsar is a city in Iran where an international treaty for the protection and management of wetlands was signed on 2 February 1971, although this treaty took place in the city of Ramsar, Iran, due to which the treaty is known as the Ramsar Treaty or the Ramsar Agreement. Known as: The purpose of this treaty is to protect all important wetland sites around the world, this agreement came into effect on 21 December 1975.
what is wetland
Wetlands are seasonal or permanent ecosystems located in water, including swamps, rivers, lakes, deltas, floodplains, rice fields, marine areas, ponds and reservoirs, etc.
It is the transition zone between water and land, from the point of view of biodiversity, the motherland is a rich area whose protection is very important.
The wetland area is one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth that provides many important services to human society and plays an important role in the development of human society such as water for irrigation, fisheries, water supply and biodiversity. Along with this, this area also controls the effect of flood by absorbing water and also reduces the speed of water flow.
World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on 2 February to spread awareness about the importance of wetlands.
Classification of Wetlands in India
On the basis of topographical variation, wetlands in India are classified into 4 Major Categories –
- Himalayan wetlands
- Gangetic plain wetland
- Desert wetlands
- Coastal wetlands
For the conservation and management of wetlands, the Government of India started the National Wetland Conservation Program in the year 2012-13, under which important steps were taken for the conservation and management of wetlands in India.
21 new Ramsar sites of India added in August 2022
On 3 August 2022, 10 new Wetland Sites in India were given the status of Ramsar sites, With this, the number of Ramsar sites in India increased from 54 to 64. In these 10 Ramsar sites 6 Ramsar Sites belongs to the state of Tamil Nadu, one from the state of Orissa, one from Goa, one from Karnataka and one from the state of Madhya Pradesh, but on 13 August 2022, 11 more new wetland sites in India were given the status of Ramsar sites, taking the total number of Ramsar sites in India Increased From 64 to 75. at Present time Total 75 Ramsar Sites in India. We have Provided a Complete list of all 75 Ramsar Sites in India below in this article.
On July 2022 5 New Wetland Area in India Were declared Ramsar Sites
Under Ramsar Conservation, 5 new Wetland site of India were included in the list of Ramsar sites in July 2022, out of these 5 wetland sites, 3 wetland sites are from Tamil Nadu state and one is from Mizoram and one from Madhya Pradesh state –
- Karikili Bird Sanctuary
- Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest
- Pichavaram Mangroves
- Pala Wetland
- Sakhya Sagar
Ramsar Sites In India After the declaration of these 5 sites as wetland sites, the total number of Ramsar sites in India was increased from 49 to 54.
Complete List of All 75 Ramsar Sites in India 2022
| Sl. No. | Ramsar Site | State/Union Territory | declared Year |
| 1. | Chilka Lake | Odisha | 1981 |
| 2. | Keoladeo National Park | Rajasthan | 1981 |
| 3. | Loktak Lake | Manipur | 1990 |
| 4. | Wular Lake | Jammu & Kashmir | 1990 |
| 5. | Harike Lake | Punjab | 1990 |
| 6. | Sambhar Lake | Rajasthan | 1990 |
| 7. | Kanjli Lake | Punjab | 2002 |
| 8. | Ropar wetland | Punjab | 2002 |
| 9. | Kolleru Lake | Andhra Pradesh | 2002 |
| 10. | Dipor Bil | Assam | 2002 |
| 11. | Pong Dam Lake | Himachal Pradesh | 2002 |
| 12. | Tso Moriri Lake | Ladakh | 2002 |
| 13. | Ashtamudi Lake | Kerala | 2002 |
| 14. | Sasthamkotta Lake | Kerala | 2002 |
| 15. | Vembanad-Kol wetland | Kerala | 2002 |
| 16. | Bhoj wetland | Madhya Pradesh | 2002 |
| 17. | Bhitarkanika Mangrove | Odisha | 2002 |
| 18. | Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2002 |
| 19. | East Kolkata Wetlands | Weast Bengal | 2002 |
| 20. | Chandertal wetlands | Himachal Pradesh | 2005 |
| 21. | Renuka Wetland | Himachal Pradesh | 2005 |
| 22. | Hokera Wetland | Jammu and Kashmir | 2005 |
| 23. | Surinsar and Mansar Lake | Jammu and Kashmir | 2005 |
| 24. | Rudrasagar Lake | Tripura | 2005 |
| 25. | Upper Ganges River | Uttar Pradesh | 2005 |
| 26. | Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary | Gujarat | 2012 |
| 27. | Sundarbans Delta Region | West Bengal | 2019 |
| 28. | Nandur Madhyameshwar Wetland | Maharastra | 2019 |
| 29. | Keshopur Miani Community Reserve | Punjab | 2019 |
| 30. | Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary | Punjab | 2019 |
| 31. | Beas Conservation Reserve | Punjab | 2019 |
| 32. | Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | 2019 |
| 33. | Sandi Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | 2019 |
| 34. | Samaspur Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | 2019 |
| 35. | Saman Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | 2019 |
| 36. | Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | 2019 |
| 37. | Sarsai Navar Lake | Uttar Pradesh | 2019 |
| 38. | Asan Conservation Reserve | Uttarakhand | 2020 |
| 39. | Kabar Tal Lake/Wetland | Bihar | 2020 |
| 40. | Lonar lake | Maharashtra | 2020 |
| 41. | Sur Sarovar Lake | Uttar Pradesh | 2020 |
| 42. | Tso Kar wetland Complex | Ladakh | 2020 |
| 43. | Wadhwana wetland | Gujarat | 2021 |
| 44. | Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary | Gujarat | 2021 |
| 45. | Sultanpur National Park | Haryana | 2021 |
| 46. | Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary | Haryana | 2021 |
| 47. | Haiderpur Wetland | Uttar Pradesh | 2021 |
| 48. | Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary | Uttar Pradesh | 2022 |
| 49. | Khijadia Wildlife Sanctuary | Gujarat | 2022 |
| 50. | Karikili Bird Sanctuary | TamilNadu | 2022 |
| 51. | Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 52. | Pichavaram Mangroves | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 53. | Pala Wetland | Mizoram | 2022 |
| 54. | Sakhya Sagar | Madhya Pradesh | 2022 |
| 55. | Kunthankulam Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 56. | Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 57. | Udaymarthapuram Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 58. | Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 59. | Vellode Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 60. | Vembanur Wetland Complex | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 61. | Satkosia Gorge | Odisha | 2022 |
| 62. | Nanda Lake | Goa | 2022 |
| 63. | Ranganatittu Bird Sanctuary | Karnataka | 2022 |
| 64. | Shirpur Wetland | Madhya Pradesh | 2022 |
| 65. | Tampara Lake | Odisha | 2022 |
| 66. | Hirakud Reservoir | Odisha | 2022 |
| 67. | Ansupa Lake | Odisha | 2022 |
| 68. | Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 69. | Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary | TamilNadu | 2022 |
| 70. | Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex | TamilNadu | 2022 |
| 71. | Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary | Tamilnadu | 2022 |
| 72. | Yashwant Sagar | Madhya Pradesh | 2022 |
| 73. | Thane Creek | Maharashtra | 2022 |
| 74. | Hygam Wetland Conservation Reserve | Jammu and Kashmir | 2022 |
| 75. | Shallbugh Wetland Conservation Reserve | Jammu and Kashmir | 2022 |
FAQ Related to Ramsar Sites In India
1. The Total Number of Ramsar Sites in India at Present ?
There Are total 75 Ramsar sites In India At Present
2. Which is the 49th Ramsar site of India ?
Khijadia Wildlife Sanctuary, located in the Indian state of Gujarat, was recently recognized as the 49th Ramsar site of India.
3. When did India sign the Ramsar Treaty ?
India signed the Ramsar Treaty in 1982.
4. Which country has the Highest Ramsar Sites in the world ?
Answer :- United Kingdom
United Kingdom has the highest number of Ramsar sites in the world, there are a total 175 Ramsar sites in United Kingdom.
5. Which Place was declared as the First Ramsar site in The World ?
The Cobor Peninsula, located in Australia, was declared the world’s first Ramsar site in 1974.
6. In which state are the maximum Number of Ramsar sites in India ?
Tamil Nadu has the highest number of Ramsar sites in India. At present, there are 14 Ramsar sites/wetland areas in Tamil Nadu.
7. Which is the first Ramsar site in India ?
Chilka Lake located in Orissa was declared as the first Ramsar site of India in October 1981.
8. Which Is The largest Ramsar Sites in India ?
The Sundarbans Delta region located in West Bengal is the largest Ramsar site in India, this wetland area is spread over an area of about 4230 square kilometers and it was recognized as a Ramsar site in the year 2019.
9. Which is the smallest Ramsar Sites in India ?
The Renuka wetland area is the Smallest Ramsar Sites in India located in Indian State of Himachal Pradesh. This area is spread over an area of about 0.2 square kilometer, it was declared as Ramsar site in the year 2005.
10. The Total number of Ramsar Sites in the world ?
According to the Ramsar Conservation report, there are 2453 Ramsar sites across the world as of August 2022, all these Ramsar sites covering an area of about 255,792,244 hectares all over the world.
How Many Ramsar Sites in UP 2022 ?
Answer :- 10 Ramsar Sites